IAM Hardening in AWS: Zero-Trust Principles for Serverless and Lambda Architectures

## The Challenge of Serverless Permissions Serverless functions like AWS Lambda often accumulate overly broad IAM permissions for the sake of speed, creating high-impact security risks if compromised. ## Implementing Least Privilege Every Lambda function should be scoped to exact resource ARNs rather than using wildcard (*) resource identifiers. ## Secret Management Avoid hardcoding credentials or placing sensitive keys directly into plain-text environment variables. Utilize AWS Secrets Manager or Parameter Store with dynamic rotation policies.